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NE555 SA555 - SE555
General purpose single bipolar timers
Features

Low turn off time Maximum operating frequency greater than 500kHz Timing from microseconds to hours Operates in both astable and monostable modes High output current can source or sink 200mA Adjustable duty cycle TTL compatible Temperature stability of 0.005% per C D SO8 (Plastic micropackage) N DIP8 (Plastic package)
Description
The NE555 monolithic timing circuit is a highly stable controller capable of producing accurate time delays or oscillation. In the time delay mode of operation, the time is precisely controlled by one external resistor and capacitor. For a stable operation as an oscillator, the free running frequency and the duty cycle are both accurately controlled with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and reset on falling waveforms, and the output structure can source or sink up to 200mA.
Pin connections (top view)
1 2 3 4
8 7 6 5
1 - GND 2 - Trigger 3 - Output 4 - Reset
5 - Control voltage 6 - Threshold 7 - Discharge 8 - VCC
March 2007
Rev 4
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Contents
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Contents
1 2 3 4 Schematic diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Monostable operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Astable operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Pulse width modulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Linear ramp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 50% duty cycle oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5 6 7
Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
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Schematic diagrams
1
Schematic diagrams
Figure 1. Block diagram
VCC+
5k COMP THRESHOLD CONTROL VOLTAGE R FLIP-FLOP 5k COMP TRIGGER
DISCHARGE
Q OUT S INHIBIT/ RESET
5k
RESET
S
S - 8086
Figure 2.
Schematic diagram
CONTROL VOLTAGE THRESHOLD COMPARATOR OUTPUT
VCC R1 4.7kW R2 830W R3 4.7kW R4 R8 1kW 5kW
5 R12 6.8kW Q21 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q19 Q20 R13 R11 5kW 3.9kW D1 Q23 D2 R14 220W Q24 Q13 Q16 Q18 R16 100W R15 4.7kW 3 Q22
THRESHOLD
Q1 Q2 Q3
Q4 R9 5kW
R17 4.7kW
Q11 Q12 TRIGGER 2 Q10
RESET DISCHARGE
4 7 Q14
Q15 Q17 R5 10kW R6 100kW R7 100kW R10 5kW
GND
1
TRIGGER COMPARATOR
FLIP FLOP
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Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
2
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
Table 1.
Symbol VCC Tj Tstg Supply voltage Junction temperature Storage temperature range
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter Value 18 150 -65 to 150 Unit V C C
Table 2.
Operating conditions
Parameter Supply voltage NE555 SA555 SE555 Value Unit
Symbol
VCC
4.5 to 16 4.5 to 16 4.5 to 18 VCC 0 to 70 -40 to 105 -55 to 125
V
Vth, Vtrig, Vcl, Vreset Maximum input voltage Operating free air temperature range NE555 SA555 SE555
V
Toper
C
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Electrical characteristics
3
Table 3.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics
Tamb = +25C, VCC = +5V to +15V (unless otherwise specified)
SE555 Parameter Min. Supply current (RL = ) Low stage VCC = +5V VCC = +15V High state VCC = 5V Timing error (monostable) (RA = 2k to 100k C = 0.1F) , Initial accuracy (1) Drift with temperature Drift with supply voltage Timing error (astable) (RA, RB = 1k to 100k C = 0.1F, VCC = +15V) , Initial accuracy - (1) Drift with temperature Drift with supply voltage VCL Control voltage level VCC = +15V VCC = +5V Threshold voltage VCC = +15V VCC = +5V Threshold current (2) Trigger voltage VCC = +15V VCC = +5V Trigger current (Vtrig = 0V) Reset voltage
(3)
NE555 - SA555 Unit Max. Min. Typ. Max.
Typ.
ICC
3 10 2
5 12
3 10 2
6 15
mA
0.5 30 0.05
2 100 0.2
1 50 0.1
3 0.5
% ppm/C %/V
1.5 90 0.15 9.6 2.9 9.4 2.7 10 3.33 10 3.33 0.1 4.8 1.45 5 1.67 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 2 2.5 0.1 0.05 12.5 13.3 3.3 10.4 3.8 10.6 4 0.25 5.2 1.9 0.9 1 0.4 1 0.15 0.5 2.2 0.25 0.2 0.4 4.5 1.1 9 2.6 8.8 2.4
2.25 150 0.3 10 3.33 10 3.33 0.1 5 1.67 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 2 2.5 0.3 0.25 12.5 13.3 3.3 11 4 11.2 4.2 0.25 5.6 2.2 2.0 1 0.4 1.5 0.25 0.75 2.5 0.4 0.35
% ppm/C %/V V
Vth Ith Vtrig Itrig Vreset Ireset
V A V A V mA
Reset current Vreset = +0.4V Vreset = 0V Low level output voltage VCC = +15V IO(sink) = 10mA IO(sink) = 50mA IO(sink) = 100mA IO(sink) = 200mA VCC = +5V IO(sink) = 8mA IO(sink) = 5mA High level output voltage VCC = +15V IO(sink) = 200mA IO(sink) = 100mA VCC = +5V IO(sink) = 100mA
VOL
V
VOH
13 3
12.75 2.75
V
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Electrical characteristics Table 3.
Symbol
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Tamb = +25C, VCC = +5V to +15V (unless otherwise specified)
SE555 Parameter Min. Typ. 20 Max. 100 Min. Typ. 20 Max. 100 nA Discharge pin leakage current (output high) Vdis = 10V Discharge pin saturation voltage (output low) (4) VCC = +15V, Idis = 15mA VCC = +5V, Idis = 4.5mA Output rise time Output fall time Turn off time (5) (Vreset = VCC) NE555 - SA555 Unit
Idis(off)
Vdis(sat)
180 80 100 100 0.5
480 200 200 200
180 80 100 100 0.5
480 200 300 300
mV
tr tf toff
ns s
1. Tested at VCC = +5V and VCC = +15V. 2. This will determine the maximum value of RA + RB for 15V operation. The maximum total (RA + RB) is 20M for 15V operation and 3.5M for +5V operation. 3. Specified with trigger input high. 4. No protection against excessive pin 7 current is necessary, providing the package dissipation rating is not exceeded. 5. Time measured from a positive pulse (from 0V to 0.8xVCC) on the Threshold pin to the transition from high to low on the Output pin. Trigger is tied to Threshold.
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Electrical characteristics
Figure 3.
Minimum pulse width required for triggering
Figure 4.
Supply current versus supply voltage
Figure 5.
Delay time versus temperature
Figure 6.
Low output voltage versus output sink current
Figure 7.
Low output voltage versus output sink current
Figure 8.
Low output voltage versus output sink current
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Electrical characteristics
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Figure 9.
High output voltage drop versus output
Figure 10. Delay time versus supply voltage
Figure 11. Propagation delay versus voltage level of trigger value
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Application information
4
4.1
Application information
Monostable operation
In the monostable mode, the timer generates a single pulse. As shown in Figure 12, the external capacitor is initially held discharged by a transistor inside the timer. Figure 12. Typical schematics in monostable operation
VCC = 5 to 15V
Reset
R1
4 Trigger 2
8
7
NE555
Output
6
C1
3 1
5
Control Voltage 0.01F
The circuit triggers on a negative-going input signal when the level reaches 1/3 VCC. Once triggered, the circuit remains in this state until the set time has elapsed, even if it is triggered again during this interval. The duration of the output HIGH state is given by t = 1.1 R1C1 and is easily determined by Figure 14. Note that because the charge rate and the threshold level of the comparator are both directly proportional to supply voltage, the timing interval is independent of supply. Applying a negative pulse simultaneously to the reset terminal (pin 4) and the trigger terminal (pin 2) during the timing cycle discharges the external capacitor and causes the cycle to start over. The timing cycle now starts on the positive edge of the reset pulse. During the time the reset pulse is applied, the output is driven to its LOW state. When a negative trigger pulse is applied to pin 2, the flip-flop is set, releasing the shortcircuit across the external capacitor and driving the output HIGH. The voltage across the capacitor increases exponentially with the time constant t = R1C1. When the voltage across the capacitor equals 2/3 VCC, the comparator resets the flip-flop which then discharges the capacitor rapidly and drives the output to its LOW state. Figure 13 shows the actual waveforms generated in this mode of operation. When Reset is not used, it should be tied high to avoid any possibility of unwanted triggering.
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Application information Figure 13. Waveforms in monostable operation
t = 0.1 ms / div INPUT = 2.0V/div
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 5.0V/div
CAPACITOR VOLTAGE = 2.0V/div
R1 = 9.1k, C1 = 0.01F, RL = 1k
Figure 14. Pulse duration versus R1C1
C (F) 10
1k 10 k
0.1 0.01 0.001 10 s
R
1.0
10 0k 1M
1=
100 s
1.0 ms
10 ms
100 ms
10 M
10 s
(t d )
4.2
Astable operation
When the circuit is connected as shown in Figure 15 (pin 2 and 6 connected) it triggers itself and free runs as a multi-vibrator. The external capacitor charges through R1 and R2 and discharges through R2 only. Thus the duty cycle can be set accurately by adjusting the ratio of these two resistors. In the astable mode of operation, C1 charges and discharges between 1/3 VCC and 2/3 VCC. As in the triggered mode, the charge and discharge times and, therefore, frequency are independent of the supply voltage.
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555 Figure 15. Typical schematics in astable operation
VCC = 5 to 15V
Application information
R1 4 Output 3 8
7
NE555
Control Voltage 0.01F 5 1 2 6
R2
C1
Figure 16 shows the actual waveforms generated in this mode of operation. The charge time (output HIGH) is given by: t1 = 0.693 (R1 + R2) C1 and the discharge time (output LOW) by: t2 = 0.693 (R2) C1 Thus the total period T is given by: T = t1 + t2 = 0.693 (R1 + 2R2) C1 The frequency of oscillation is then:
1 1.44 f = -- = -------------------------------------T ( R1 + 2R2 )C1
It can easily be found from Figure 17. The duty cycle is given by:
R2 D = ------------------------R1 + 2R2
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Application information Figure 16. Waveforms in astable operation
t = 0.5 ms / div OUTPUT VOLTAGE = 5.0V/div
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
CAPACITOR VOLTAGE = 1.0V/div
R1 = R2 = 4.8k, C1= 0.1F, RL = 1k
Figure 17. Free running frequency versus R1, R2 and C1
C (F) 10 1.0 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.1
R
1
+
R2
1M
= 10 M
10 0k
1k 10 k
1
10
100
1k
10k
f o (Hz)
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Application information
4.3
Pulse width modulator
When the timer is connected in the monostable mode and triggered with a continuous pulse train, the output pulse width can be modulated by a signal applied to pin 5. Figure 18 shows the circuit. Figure 18. Pulse width modulator
VCC RA
4 Trigger 2
8 7
NE555
Output 3 1
6 Modulation Input
5
C
4.4
Linear ramp
When the pull-up resistor, RA, in the monostable circuit is replaced by a constant current source, a linear ramp is generated. Figure 19 shows a circuit configuration that will perform this function. Figure 19. Linear ramp
VCC RE
4 Trigger 2
R1
8 7
NE555
Output 3 1
2N4250 or equiv. 6 C
5
R2 0.01F
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Application information Figure 20 shows the waveforms generator by the linear ramp. The time interval is given by:
(2/3 Vcc RE (R1+R2) C T = --------------------------------------------------------------- VBE = 0.6V R1 Vcc - VBE (R1+R2)
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Figure 20. Linear ramp
VCC = 5V Time: 20s/DIV R1 + 47k R2 = 100k RE = 2.7k C = 0.01F
Top trace: input 3V/DIV Middle trace: output 5V/DIV Bottom trace: output 5V/DIV Bottom trace: capacitor voltage 1V/DIV
4.5
50% duty cycle oscillator
For a 50% duty cycle, the resistors RA and RE can be connected as in figure 19. The time period for the output high is the same as for astable operation (see Section 4.2 on page 10): t1 = 0.693 RA C For the output low it is
RB - 2RA t 2 = [(R. RB)/(RA+RB)].C.Ln -------------------------2RB - RA
Thus the frequency of oscillation is:
1f = ---------------t1 + t2
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555 Figure 21. 50% duty cycle oscillator
VCC
Application information
VCC
RA 51k
4 2
8 RB 7 22k
NE55
Out 3 1
6
5
0.01F
C 0.01F
Note that this circuit will not oscillate if RB is greater than 1/2 RA because the junction of RA and RB cannot bring pin 2 down to 1/3 VCC and trigger the lower comparator.
4.6
Additional information
Adequate power supply by passing is necessary to protect associated circuitry. The minimum recommended is 0.1F in parallel with 1F electrolytic.
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Package information
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
5
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555 Figure 22. DIP8 package mechanical data
Dimensions Ref. Min. A A1 A2 b b2 c D E E1 e eA eB L 2.92 3.30 0.38 2.92 0.36 1.14 0.20 9.02 7.62 6.10 3.30 0.46 1.52 0.25 9.27 7.87 6.35 2.54 7.62 10.92 3.81 0.115 4.95 0.56 1.78 0.36 10.16 8.26 7.11 Millimeters Typ. Max. 5.33 0.015 0.115 0.014 0.045 0.008 0.355 0.300 0.240 Min.
Package information
Inches Typ. Max. 0.210
0.130 0.018 0.060 0.010 0.365 0.310 0.250 0.100 0.300
0.195 0.022 0.070 0.014 0.400 0.325 0.280
0.430 0.130 0.150
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Package information Figure 23. SO8 package mechanical data
Dimensions Ref. Min. A A1 A2 b c D H E1 e h L k ccc 0.25 0.40 1 0.10 1.25 0.28 0.17 4.80 5.80 3.80 4.90 6.00 3.90 1.27 0.50 1.27 8 0.10 0.010 0.016 1 0.48 0.23 5.00 6.20 4.00 Millimeters Typ. Max. 1.75 0.25 0.004 0.049 0.011 0.007 0.189 0.228 0.150 Min.
NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Inches Typ. Max. 0.069 0.010
0.019 0.010 0.193 0.236 0.154 0.050 0.020 0.050 8 0.004 0.197 0.244 0.157
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555
Ordering information
6
Ordering information
Table 4. Order codes
Temperature range 0C, +70C NE555D/DT SA555N -40C, +105C SA555D/DT SE555N -55C, + 125C SE555D/DT SO8 Tube or tape & reel SE555 SO8 DIP8 Tube or tape & reel Tube SA555 SE555N SO8 DIP8 Tube or tape & reel Tube NE555 SA555N Package DIP8 Packing Tube Marking NE555N
Part number NE555N
7
Revision history
Date 1-Jun-2003 2004-2006 15-Mar-2007 Revision 1 2-3 4 Initial release. Internal revisions Expanded order code table. Template update. Changes
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NE555 - SA555 - SE555
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